Small, center-gripped shields, called bucklers, came in many
variants. Traditionally round and flat, domed or concave, 15th
century examples could also be diamond-shaped or even formed
like grotesque masks. They could be studded or have iron fittings,
even long spikes. They were often made from organic materials
sporting a central iron boss. From about 1350 onwards full metal
ones start to appear. The examples shown above and right are is from Norway.
The replica
shield in the background was made by Vegard Vike, Oslo.